Chapter 9: TCP/IP Applications pg 286 - 300

Connection Status 
- open port: a socket that is prepared to respond to any IP Packets destined for that socket's port number
           -> every application has an open port
           -> to see all listening ports time netstat -an into a command prompt

Rules for Determining Good vs. Bad Communications

1. Memorize known ports for common TCP/IP applications 
2. Learn netstat such as -an, -n, -o, and -b
3. get rid of bad or unnecessary processes 

The World Wide Web

- composed of servers that s tore specially formatted documents using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

        -> many pages now are written using HTML5

- Extensible Markup Language (XML): provides the basic format or language for everything from application programming interfaces to word documents

HTTP

- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): underlying protocol used by the web 

           -> relays commands executed by users without reference to any commands previously executed

Web Servers and Web Clients

- web server: a computer that delivers web pages

           -> listen on port 80 

- Internet Information Services (IIS): enables you to set a maximum connection limit on your web server based on available bandwidth and memory 

- uniform resource locator (URL): complete name of a web server

Secure Sockets layer and HTTPS
- Secure Sockets Layer(SSL): a protocol for transmitting private documents over the internet 

- Hypertext Transfer Protocol over SSL (HTTPS)

- Transport Layer Security (TLS)